Rust helloworld app

rs-hello/.cargo/config.toml

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+[build]
+target = ["x86_64-unknown-none"]

rs-hello/.gitignore

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+/workdir/
+/target

rs-hello/Cargo.toml

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+[package]
+name = "rs-hello"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[profile.dev]
+panic = "abort"
+
+[profile.release]
+panic = "abort"
+
+[dependencies]

rs-hello/Makefile

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+UK_ROOT ?= $(PWD)/workdir/unikraft
+UK_BUILD ?= $(PWD)/workdir/build
+UK_APP ?= $(PWD)
+LIBS_BASE = $(PWD)/workdir/libs
+UK_LIBS ?= 
+
+.PHONY: all
+
+all:
+	@$(MAKE) -C $(UK_ROOT) L=$(UK_LIBS) A=$(UK_APP) O=$(UK_BUILD)
+
+$(MAKECMDGOALS):
+	@$(MAKE) -C $(UK_ROOT) L=$(UK_LIBS) A=$(UK_APP) O=$(UK_BUILD) $(MAKECMDGOALS)

rs-hello/Makefile.uk

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+$(eval $(call addlib,apprshello))
+
+APPRSHELLO_OBJS-y += $(APPRSHELLO_BASE)/target/x86_64-unknown-none/debug/deps/rs_hello-*.o

rs-hello/README.md

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+# Rust Hello on Unikraft
+
+Build and run a `std` independent Rust Hello program on Unikraft.
+Follow the instructions below to set up, configure, build and run Rust Hello.
+Make sure you installed the [requirements](../README.md#requirements) and the [Rust toolchain channel through Rustup](https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install).
+
+## Quick Setup (aka TLDR)
+
+For a quick setup, run the commands below.
+Note that you still need to install the [requirements](../README.md#requirements) and the [Rust toolchain](https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install).
+Before everything, make sure you run the [top-level `setup.sh` script](../setup.sh).
+
+To build and run the application for `x86_64`, use the commands below:
+
+```console
+./setup.sh
+make distclean
+cargo clean
+rustup install stable
+rustup target add x86_64-unknown-none
+cargo +stable rustc -- --emit=obj
+wget -O /tmp/defconfig https://raw.githubusercontent.com/unikraft/catalog-core/refs/heads/scripts/rs-hello/scripts/defconfig/qemu.x86_64
+UK_DEFCONFIG=/tmp/defconfig make defconfig
+make -j $(nproc)
+qemu-system-x86_64 -nographic -m 8 -cpu max -kernel workdir/build/rs-hello_qemu-x86_64
+```
+
+This will configure, build and run the application, resulting in a `Hello from Unikraft!` message being printed.
+
+Information about every step is detailed below.
+
+## Set Up
+
+Set up the required repositories.
+For this, you have two options:
+
+1. Use the `setup.sh` script:
+
+   ```console
+   ./setup.sh
+   ```
+
+   It will create symbolic links to the required repositories in `../repos/`.
+   Be sure to run the [top-level `setup.sh` script](../setup.sh).
+
+   If you want use a custom variant of repositories (e.g. apply your own patch, make modifications), update it accordingly in the `../repos/` directory.
+
+1. Have your custom setup of repositories in the `workdir/` directory.
+   Clone, update and customize repositories to your own needs.
+
+## Clean
+
+While not strictly required, it is safest to clean the previous build artifacts:
+
+```console
+make distclean
+```
+
+In order to remove the generated files by Cargo as well, use:
+
+```console
+cargo clean
+```
+## Compile Rust source file
+
+To generate the object file of the Rust source code with the stable channel of the toolchain, use:
+
+```
+rustup install stable
+rustup target add x86_64-unknown-none
+cargo +stable rustc -- --emit=obj
+```
+
+## Configure
+
+To configure the kernel, use:
+
+```console
+make menuconfig
+```
+
+In the console menu interface, choose the target architecture (x86_64) and platform (KVM/QEMU).
+
+The end result will be the creation of the `.config` configuration file.
+
+## Build
+
+Build the application for the current configuration:
+
+```console
+make -j $(nproc)
+```
+
+This results in the creation of the `workdir/build/` directory storing the build artifacts.
+The unikernel application image file is `workdir/build/rs-hello_<plat>-<arch>`, where `<plat>` is the platform name (`qemu`), and `<arch>` is the architecture (`x86_64`).
+
+### Use a Different Compiler
+
+If you want to use a different compiler, such as a Clang or a different GCC version, pass the `CC` variable to `make`.
+
+To build with Clang, use the commands below:
+
+```console
+make properclean
+make CC=clang -j $(nproc)
+```
+
+Note that Clang >= 14 is required to build Unikraft.
+
+To build with another GCC version, use the commands below:
+
+```console
+make properclean
+make CC=gcc-<version> -j $(nproc)
+```
+
+where `<version>` is the GCC version, such as `11`, `12`.
+
+Note that GCC >= 8 is required to build Unikraft.
+
+## Run
+
+Run the resulting image using the corresponding platform tool.
+
+A successful run will show a message such as the one below:
+
+```text
+Booting from ROM..Powered by
+o.   .o       _ _               __ _
+Oo   Oo  ___ (_) | __ __  __ _ ' _) :_
+oO   oO ' _ `| | |/ /  _)' _` | |_|  _)
+oOo oOO| | | | |   (| | | (_) |  _) :_
+ OoOoO ._, ._:_:_,\_._,  .__,_:_, \___)
+                 Helene 0.18.0~12072b5f
+Hello from Unikraft!
+```
+
+### Run on QEMU/x86_64
+
+```console
+qemu-system-x86_64 -nographic -m 8 -cpu max -kernel workdir/build/rs-hello_qemu-x86_64
+```
+
+## Clean Up
+
+Doing a new configuration, or a new build may require cleaning up the configuration and build artifacts.
+
+In order to remove the build artifacts, use:
+
+```console
+make clean
+```
+
+In order to remove fetched files also, that is the removal of the `workdir/build/` directory, use:
+
+```console
+make properclean
+```
+
+In order to remove the generated `.config` file as well, use:
+
+```console
+make distclean
+```
+
+In order to remove the generated files by Cargo in the `target` directory, use:
+
+```console
+cargo clean
+```
+## Customize
+
+Rust Hello is the simplest application to be run with Unikraft.
+This makes it ideal as a minimal testing ground for new features: it builds fast, it doesn't have dependencies.
+
+### Update the Unikraft Core Code
+
+If updating the Unikraft core code in the `./workdir/unikraft/` directory, you then go through the [configure](#configure), [build](#build) and [run](#run) steps.
+
+### Add Other Object Files
+
+The current configuration use a object file.
+If looking to add another file to the build, update the [`Makefile.uk`](Makefile.uk) file.
+
+For example, to add a new object file `support.o` to the build, update the [`Makefile.uk`](Makefile.uk) file to:
+
+```make
+$(eval $(call addlib,apprshello))
+
+APPRSHELLO_OBJS-y += $(APPRSHELLO_BASE)/target/x86_64-unknown-none/debug/deps/rs_hello-*.o
+APPRSHELLO_OBJS-y += $(APPRSHELLO_BASE)/support.o
+```
+
+To include a Rust library, such as `librs_hello.rlib`, update the [`Makefile.uk`](Makefile.uk) file to:
+
+```make
+$(eval $(call addlib,apprshello))
+
+APPRSHELLO_OBJS-y += $(APPRSHELLO_BASE)/target/x86_64-unknown-none/debug/deps/rs_hello-*.o
+APPRSHELLO_ALIBS-y += $(APPRSHELLO_BASE)/librs_hello.rlib
+```
+
+Then go through the [configure](#configure), [build](#build) and [run](#run) steps.

rs-hello/setup.sh

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+#!/bin/sh
+
+check_exists_and_create_symlink()
+{
+    path="$1"
+
+    if ! test -d workdir/"$path"; then
+        if ! test -d ../repos/"$path"; then
+            echo "No directory ../repos/$path. Run the top-level setup.sh script first." 1>&2
+            exit 1
+        fi
+        depth=$(echo "$path" | awk -F / '{ print NF }')
+        if test "$depth" -eq 1; then
+            ln -sfn ../../repos/"$path" workdir/"$path"
+        elif test "$depth" -eq 2; then
+            ln -sfn ../../../repos/"$path" workdir/"$path"
+        else
+            echo "Unknown depth of path $path." 1>&2
+            exit 1
+        fi
+    fi
+}
+
+if ! test -d workdir; then
+    mkdir workdir
+fi
+
+if ! test -d workdir/libs; then
+    mkdir workdir/libs
+fi
+
+check_exists_and_create_symlink "unikraft"

rs-hello/src/main.rs

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+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+use core::panic::PanicInfo;
+
+extern "C" {
+    fn uk_console_out(s: *const u8, len: usize);
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+pub extern "C" fn main() -> () {
+    let msg = "Hello from Unikraft!\n";
+    unsafe {
+        uk_console_out(msg.as_ptr(), msg.len());
+    }
+}
+
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(_info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    loop {}
+}
+